CIHS – Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies

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Canada Turns Breeding Ground for Khalistani Subversives!

Hindus were attacked in Mississauga during Diwali celebrations. Slogan mongering & sword wielding Khalistanis led these attacks. Canada seems to be going bonkers on tackling the malice of a distinct minority as well as vocal Sikhs that profess Khalistan. While peace-loving large community of Sikhs living in  Canada have contributed to its prosperity and progress, the minority Khalistani faction seems to be the ones that are on rampage. And, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s government seems bending backwards to support this miniscule number that made hue and cry of a Khalistani referendum staged farcically. In India and elsewhere, overwhelmingly Sikh community has found peace with their inclusion in the larger Hindu society. But, in last few years, the extremist elements that supported and fuelled terror in the Indian border state have been pushing the Khalistani envelope. What’s more worrying is the diabolical stance taken by successive Canadian Prime Ministers on tackling this vociferous and aggressive minority sikh fringe elements. Calls for putting a stop to the farce of Khalistan referendum have gone on deaf ears. Instead, the Canadian government has taken the line that it cannot stop Sikhs from expressing their views as long as the process was peaceful, democratic and within parameters of Canadian laws. Under no circumstance would the ordinary Canadians support a separatist movement of any kind. While India has already banned Khalistani propagating outfits, Canada should follow suit rather than looking the other way. Frequent attacks on Hindu population, their property and places of worship by these subversives are symptomatic of the malice brewing in Canadian society. By no stretch of imagination would such acts be endorsed in the guise of free speech. Global community will have to join hands in debunking both the Khalistanis and their handlers in the Canadian government. If the Trudeau government is committed to rule of law, peace and tranquility in Canada and India, strong bilateral relations across gamut of issues, then it should come forward with a complete ban on scheduled November 6 farcical referendum on Khalistan. By same measure, can India allow its land to be used for a bogus referendum or vote on Ontario being part of Canadian Republic? Indian government’s recent demarche to the Justin Trudeau-led Canadian government to put a stop to the alleged Khalistan referendum is more than justified and as per international laws of jurisprudence. Ahead of the alleged Khalistani vote, Hindus were attacked in Mississauga city on October 24 evening during Diwali celebrations. Slogan mongering and sword wielding Khalistani supporters executed pre-mediated violent attacks periodically. For instance, the Shrimad Bhagavad Gita Park in Brampton was vandalized with local government twiddling its thumb. Majority sikh population in India and Canada have never supported the Pakistan-backed Khalistani separatist elements. On September 18, banned outfit Sikh for Justice (SFJ) staged yet another farcical vote on Khalistan. In apparent solidarity with these subversive elements, Trudeau administration provided the government-run Gore Meadows Community Center in Brampton for the misdeed.  The small fringe group in Canada that supports Khalistan uses radical rhetoric to foment anti-India sentiment. It is deeply disturbing that the management of most Gurdwaras in Canada have not been with community that believes in its tenth guru, Gurunanak who himself was a great peacenik. Before the September 14 vote, Khalistani terrorists defaced the Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan (BAPS) temple in Toronto with anti-India slogans, i.e., ‘Khalistan Zindabad, Hindustan Murdabad’. The temple walls were vandalized and protests from Indian High Commission in Ottawa went unheard or responded to. In recent past Khalistani extremists have had targeted Hindu temples repeatedly. Six Hindu temples were attacked in Toronto also in a bid to divide the Hindus and Sikhs that have co-existed and prospered peacefully in India and world over. Miscreants stole money from donation boxes, vandalized the idols of Gods and Goddesses, damaged temple property as well as ornaments from the stolen idols. Canadian Hindus were legitimately concerned and living under a cloud of fear while the federal government looked away. Time and again, Khalistani radicals and Pakistanis targeted non-Muslims and non-Sikhs. Attacks on properties and temples of Hindus are evidence that Hinduphobia is on the rise in Canada. Hindus are utterly appalled by the Trudeau government’s approach and police failure to take decisive action against the radical elements.  In November 2021, National Investigation Agency (NIA) in India had formally requested its Canadian counterparts to designate Sikhs for Justice as a terrorist outfit. Instead of banning the outfit, SFJ was given a free run and government assistance thrown in to help the separatists. In the process, Canada has openly shielded and protected anti-India propagandists and entities.  Unfortunately, Liberal Party of Canada of Justin Trudeau has long supported the extreme Khalistani elements. It is believed that some of his party’s politicians were close to Khalistani sympathizers and activists. It is reported that Sukh Dhaliwal and Andrew Kania, two Liberal MPs, presented a petition in the House of Commons in 2010 demanding that the government recognize 1984 Sikh riots in India as an act of genocide. In a private motion in Ontario assembly in 2017, Liberal Party member Harinder Malhi referred to 1984 riots as acts of genocide. In 2018, a couple of Canadian politicians happened to participate in the Khalsa Day Parade. Even Prime Minister Justin Trudeau attended this event in 2017. Canadian government seems to knowingly entertain the idea of Khalistan under the leadership of Trudeau. In the process, Canada has become a breeding ground for Pakistan-backed Khalistanis. Time and again, they challenged sovereignty of India while Canada ignored global call to refrain them. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s inaction showed that he has had explicitly or implicitly supported the attacks on the sovereignty of another nation.

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Stay Off Politics!

Big tech companies and media outlets must refrain from pushing political envelope and hidden agenda in India, US and elsewhere K.A.Badarinath Has Meta, US-based technology giant that owns Facebook, Whatsapp and Instagram commit an unpardonable crime by reportedly allowing a large Indian political party leader to tamper with posts that were inimical to its interests? Or, ‘The Wire’, a news partner organisation of The Washington Post commit a grave unethical act that sullied the entire Indian media industry? The debate has not led to plausible logical answers to the state of play vis-à-vis the large technology companies seeking to dictate the political narrative globally and Indian media companies playing dirty in the process. One thing for sure is that ‘The Wire’ four part news stories do not stand scrutiny of making basic checks after a possible story tipoff was got as required in any given journalistic pursuit. One of the two experts that apparently served as technical consultants Kanishk Karan has stated unambiguously that he never helped in the outlet’s reporting on the issue though ‘The Wire’ claims exactly the opposite. Can The Washington Post disown its responsibility in entering into reporting partnerships like ‘The Wire’ that was found wanting in even making basic checks on a story before pointing to Meta – BJP leader Amit Malaviya arrangement on wetting posts? Or, the partnership with ‘The Wire’ was borne out of The Washington Post editorial board’s steadfast policy of pursuing an anti-India, anti-Modi, anti-BJP and anti-Hindu editorial line? From the Meta angle, does it not tantamount to extending its policy of playing truant in US while debunking the earlier Donald Trump’s Republican administration and siding with the Democrats to overthrow a democratically elected government? Like its large technology peers, Meta seem to have plunged itself full time to determine the political trajectory either against or in favour of the ruling alliance.  If there’s any grain of truth in the accusation of giving some privileges to BJP leaders on its platforms, what prevents Meta from reaching out to the opposition for playing the role of kingmaker in India? Big question therefore is should technology companies not refrain from politicking and do their businesses as per Indian Laws? Businesses in technology space or others, have to be apolitical globally and in India as well. Siding with political parties or overthrowing governments is an unacceptable business crime should be an unacceptable agenda point to any company, big, small or medium enterprise. It’s not just commercial enterprises that need to display complete transparency on political posturing or narrative management. Large or small media outlets cannot shed their responsibility towards their readers sans hidden political agendas and proclivities. (Author is Director and Chief Executive  of CIHS)

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Islamist Crime Syndicate Stopped in Its Tracks

India imposed ban on PFI and eight of its affiliates spreading terror.  On September 28, 2022, the Indian government imposed a five-year ban on the Popular Front of India (PFI) and all of its affiliated organisations. PFI, an extreme Islamist organisation that took over from the National Development Front (NDF) in 2006, is infamous for its total disdain for the Indian constitution and its participation in anti-India activities. India’s Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) therefore determined that the PFI was an unlawful organisation in violation of India’s 1967 Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, and as a result, the PFI is banned. PFI and its associates have customarily engaged in forced conversions, funding of terrorism, illicit hawala transactions, criminal conspiracies, inciting violence through hate speech, and other acts of terror. These atrocious crimes against humanity have included the cruel murder of innocent Hindus, Christians, and even moderate Muslims. The PFI was established in 2006 as a reformation of the National Democratic Front  (NDF) in Kerala, the southernmost and most literate state of India. Originally founded in 1994, NDF was disbanded as a pan-Islamic group that was exposed to multiple instances of hate speech and related crimes. By combining the approaches of NDF, Manitha Neethi Pasarai, Karnataka Forum for Dignity, and other organisations, PFI a developed with a multi-state worldview. PFI advertises itself as a neo-social movement empowering people to achieve justice, freedom, and security, yet its actions point to it being a spiteful crime syndicate. To further its nefarious criminal agenda, PFI has a number of organisations that engage with different socio-economic groups, including but not limited to the Rehab India Foundation (RIF), Campus Front of India (CFI), All India Imams Council (AIIC), National Confederation of Human Rights Organisation (NCHRO), National Women’s Front (NWF), Junior Front, Empower India Foundation, Rehab foundation Kerala, and others. At the time of its banning, PFI’s crime syndicate maintained operations in 23 Indian states, with major concentration in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Kerala provided as the organisation’s primary base. Wherein, PFI assets that it works with human rights activists (rather people who may be viewed as HR activists) to stop human rights violations in the country, however in reality, the organisation works to incite Islamist hate against people of other faiths and cultures while ostensibly defending the rights of minorities. In a notification dated September 27, 2022, the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs highlighted PFI’s connections to terrorist organisations like ISIS and Jamat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh. Furthermore, PFI cadres have taken part in terrorism in Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Besides this, the organization’s founding founders were the heads of the outlawed jihadist terrorist group Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI). In the course of its investigation leading to the ban, India’s Enforcement Directorate (ED) discovered that PFI opened 27 bank accounts, 9 of which were RIF accounts, and that a total of INR 120 crores was routed by PFI through a rogue network in West Asian nations, particularly Qatar, Kuwait, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia. The funds were covertly moved to India for nefarious and extremist activities. The money was transferred in such a deliberate manner that cash deposits and withdrawals occurred every day, and payments were restricted to a maximum of INR 50,000. so that they are exempt from giving tax number or other forms of identification. On September 22, 2022, the PFI offices in the Indian states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Puducherry, Assam, and Rajasthan were searched by India’s National Investigation Agency (NIA) and the Enforcement Directorate (ED). PFI Chairman O. M. A. Salam, its National General Secretary Anis Ahmed, its Member of the National Executive Council P. Koya, its National Vice Chairman E. M. Abdur Rahiman, its National Secretary Afsar Pasha, its Member of the National Executive Council Abdul Wahid Sait, its National Secretary (Media and Public Relations) Mohammed Shakib, and its President of the West Bengal unit Minarul Sheikh were all detained during the search and seize operations carried out as part of Operation Octopus of the Indian Investigation agencies. So far, 247 PFI members have been detained as further investigations are ongoing. PFI has a long history of engaging in several anti-humanity and anti-india actions. Rifles, bombs and bomb making manuals, provocative literature outlining how to further the ideology of the Taliban and Al-Qaeda were seized by police from the offices of PFI members in July 2010. In 2012, the Kerala government briefed the Kerala High Court at a case hearing that PFI was connected to 27 community-based murder cases, 86 murder attempts, and 106 instances of communal violence, and that its activities were detrimental to national security. PFI centres across the nation were the targeted of many searches in April 2013 that resulted in the seizure of lethal weapons, foreign currency, and human shot targets in addition to explosive raw materials like gunpowder, swords, and other weaponry. In wake of the Assam clashes of 2012. the criminal syndicate PFI cooperated and worked with Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HUJI), a Pakistan based Jihadi terrorist group that calls for Jihad against the people of diverse faiths, in order to spread inflammatory messages,. Roughly 28 to 30% of these messages originated in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Towing the line of proscribed international Anti-Jew terrorist organisations. In July 2014, Anti-Jewish demonstrations and antisemitism were stoked in many Indian regions by Islamist minded PFI. The PFI office in Shaheen Bagh, Delhi served as an outpost during the Anti-CAA protest in 2019–20, and the criminal group was actively involved in a misinformation campaign with the sinister goal of peddling false information  about National Register of Citizens (NRC) and National Population Register (NPR) to Muslims in order to incite violence and Anti-India and Anti-Hindu hatred. The evil scheme of the criminal gang PFI was to provoke a civil war in India over the NRC and CAA. The criminal organisation was also involved in establishing an illegal helpdesk in Goalpara and Kamrup, Assam, to fabricate false documents. When the world was struggling with the

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Wikipedia: An Islamist-Leftist Global Propaganda Tool

It is widely believed that Wikipedia is a reputable online encyclopedia but according to Wikipedia itself, “Wikipedia is not a reliable source for academic writing or research.” In light of numerous instances of bias, factual misrepresentation, and the dissemination of false information, Wikipedia cannot be trusted to provide impartial and authentic information. This is a need of the time to know about the Wikipedia’s management, ownership and guidance board, are they impartial and focused or a part of larger nexus of the Evangelists, Islamists, and leftists. Rohan Giri / New Delhi (Rohan is a journalism graduate from Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) New Delhi, and Manager Operations at CIHS.)

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State of Religious Minorities in India

Indian minorities are at the forefront of socio-economic development of the nation. The Indian government has set up a separate ministry named the Ministry of Minority Affairs to work for the all round growth of minorities. The ministry designs and implements schemes and programs for their welfare. The Constitution of India recognises six religious minorities in India, which are, Muslims, Parsis, Jains, Buddhists, Sikhs, and Christians, which constitute around 20 percent of the Indian population (Census 2011). Indian government and those at the state level have invested consider able resources in the upliftment of minorities, however, their efforts get sidelined by narratives that are propagated by divisive forces. Hence, an in-depth analysis based on evidence and data provided by the government and other relevant authorities becomes crucial. This report presents an overview of the efforts of the government and its agencies in the development and welfare of Indian minori-ties. Read More…

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Listless Anti-India Propaganda Exposed!

Self-proclaimed intelligentsia attempt to eulogize terror, terrorists & their handlers do not hold water. It’s against basic grain of democracy! Neha Dahiya / New Delhi On April 19, self-claimed intellectual Arundhati Roy spoke on “Religious Nationalism, Dissent and the Battle between myth and history” in University of Texas at Austin. Laced with false propaganda, inherent extreme bias, intellectual bankruptcy, hatred and many factual errors, Arundhati Roy seems particularly rattled by the current government’s firm stand on putting an end to decades-old nexus of anti-India forces, NGOs and terror groups. In her speech, she relentlessly picked out the word, BJP, RSS and Prime Minister Narendra Modi depicting her obsession and self-constructed fear for the current Indian government. Claims versus facts on RSS Contrary to claims made by Arundhati Roy, whose links with terror outfits is well documented, RSS is neither fascist nor racist. RSS is the largest voluntary organisation that’s service oriented, inculcates patriotic spirit amongst the Hindus globally and pushes for sustainable development agenda for humanity rooted in ‘Sanatan dharma’, Indian civilizational values. From providing education opportunities to millions of under-privileged kids to empowering girl children and women, RSS has been at forefront in bringing about fundamental shift in Indian society that got emancipated from the long British imperialist rule. RSS human service during natural disasters either in India, US or Europe has been widely reported. From saving lives to providing succour, RSS volunteers had shown exemplary idealism especially during earthquakes, floods epidemics or hurricanes. Completely ignoring RSS long track record of humanitarian approach to peoples’ problems, Arundhati making desperate attempt to label the organization ‘fascist’ has no basis. In fact, Arundhati and her Leftist hooligans are the intolerant fascists that unleashed terror on patriotic RSS volunteers in states like Kerala and West Bengal. In these states, Marxist cadres supported and promoted by Arundhati Roy have murdered scores of RSS volunteers till date. Yet another substantiated charge made by Arundhati Roy was that RSS is setting fire to the country and attacking both Christians and Muslims in Kashmir. Militant cadres inspired by Mao Tse Tung including Arundhati Roy have played with fire and have blood on their hands in India. Arundhati Roy and her political principals are known to have provided weapons to innocent tribals in Jharkhand, Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh to create unrest and disturb peace in these states. Self-proclaimed intellectuals like Arundhati Roy were known to have provided shelter to Left wing extremists as well as anti-India terror groups with a subversive agenda. Arundhati says that RSS centennial celebrations in 2025 will be a watershed moment in Indian history. She’s right in a way. Rise of Hindutva inspired Indian society and people are bound to play a larger role on global stage. Be it environment, human rights to women’s empowerment, RSS and Hindus will make their mark internationally with classical civilizational values like ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbatam’ being the war cry. Turning the entire humanity into a larger family is what the likes of Arundhati Roy seem serious frightened about. What’s wrong in exposing the opponents of RSS that came into being in 1925? One hundred years of eventful, non-profit work of RSS stands out through a bouquet of its organizations dedicated to prosperity and wellbeing of the humanity. RSS rose like a phoenix after having been banned four times, thrice by the successive intolerant Congress regimes in India and once by the British rulers. These restrictions on a democratic, open and norms based organization, did not adversely impact the pace, progress and growth of RSS. Manipulated data on Hindu festivals What flummoxed most Hindus is Arundhati Roy’s concocted charges that they wielded swords and sticks against Muslims during the sacred festivals, Ram Navami and Hanuman Jayanti. Each year, both Ram Navami and Muslim festival, Ramzan are celebrated more or less during same days leading to heightened tempers. Her ranting that Hindus were the first to provoke and attack muslims in eleven cities during the Ram Navami and Hanuman Jayanti processions is not based on based facts but figment of fertile imagination. In fact, on the ground in all eleven cities, it’s the peace-loving Hindus that were at the receiving end. Terror-linked Islamists urged and encouraged by the likes of Arundhati Roy attacked Hindus. On April 16, 2022, Islamist miscreants attacked Hindus in Delhi from all sides, pelted stones, beat up both the devotees of Ram & Hanuman as well as security personnel. Seven Islamists that were apprehended by the Delhi Police have past record of gambling and murder related crimes. In fact the attackers seriously injured eight police personnel manning law and order apart from one civilian. Three firearms and five swords recovered from the accused debunk claims of those supporting the arsonists. On April 11, 2022, in Khargone and Barwani of Madhya Pradesh, Islamists threw petrol bombs and stones on the procession and set many vehicles on fire. This incident has been given a different colour to suit the anti-Hindu and anti-India narrative peddled by Arundhati Roy and her comrades in arms. On April 11, 2022, in Himmatnagar of Indian western state Gujarat, Islamist arsonists attacked Hindu devotees that were peacefully singing bhajans in praise of Lord Ram during Ram Navami procession. Islamists hurled stones at them. In yet another incident at khambat of Gujarat, Islamists set ablaze eight Hindu shops and pelted stones on the devotees procession. At Lohardaga in Jharkhand, Islamists set ten bikes and one van belonging to Hindus on fire. In this violent attack that was perpetrated on April 10, 2022, one Hindu lost his life. Was this even taken cognisance of by Arundhati Roy and her proclaimed intellectuals gang working round the clock to push the wrong envelope? On April 10, 2022, in Howrah, West Bengal, Islamists attacked around twenty Hindus including three policemen who were in a procession. Two days prior to this, Islamists cut the power supply by design to attack and pelt stones on the Hindus. They set two cars and a bike on fire as well. In north-western state, Rajasthan’s

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Hijab: History, Mystery and Propaganda

Hijab is not part of any religious faith & the controversy fuelled by Islamists was to portray India as being inimical to Muslims’ interests Neha Dahiya & Rohan Giri Hijab controversy unfolded in Indian southern state of Karnataka when six girl students in Udupi government run pre- university college started wearing Hijab to the classroom beginning December 2021. They were turned out of classrooms for not following uniform rules. These girls started protesting outside the college and insisted on wearing Hijab with claims that it was part of their religious practice. And, they argued for freedom to practice their religion and attire associated with it. The girls in class 11 & 12 also admitted that while taking admissions they had signed an undertaking to abide by the college uniform or dress code. The girls became overnight global celebrities owing to protests while being anonymous until they followed the college norms upto December 30, 2021. The controversy intensified and led to massive protests for and against wearing hijab in several educational institutions across Karnataka and elsewhere in Indian states. The issue gained momentum drawing ire from political parties, activists, and leaders. If one were to dissect the controversy, hijab has roots in Persian and known as ḥajaba or the veil in Arabic. In Quran, hijab is termed as ‘Khimar’ which means curtain or partition in literal or metaphorical sense. Khimar originates from trilateral verb ‘khamara’, which again means ‘ghatta’, to conceal, hide, or cover something. Quran Surah al-Ahzab, verse-53 says, “Let them wear their Khimar over their juyub” referring to their chest. Allah instructed the believing women to bring the fabric to their front by drawing Khimar over their chests, as a covering. Khumurihina (plural of Khimar) used in this Quran verse refers to scarves that females wore on the Arabian Peninsula at the time. Given the clear distinction, justifiably one wonders as to why Hijab is used while Quran refers to it a scarf or Khimar.  Subsequently, verse 30 in chapter 24 and verse 54 in Chapter 33, Holy Quran asked both men and women to act with “decency” and “integrity,” both physically and morally. The Quran did not mandate a strictly religious “uniform,” and the first spiritual message did not mean to impose strict or “fixed” dress rules once and for all as propagated by Islamist fanatics but rather to “recommend” an “attitude” or “ethic” towards the body and soul.  Khimar versus hijab is not one of Islam’s pillars but rather relate to moral principles, behaviour and relational ethics. Only when religious faith is exercised freely can it meaning something. As a result, discussing Islamic obligation to wear a hijab or Khimar is spiritually and technically incorrect as the Quran states, “No compulsion in religion.” (256 of Al-Baqara). Muslim girls U-turn on uniform code in Udipi town may not have been incidental if one were to examine chronology of events that metamorphosed into an international controversy of sorts. It seems more like a pre-planned propaganda by radical Islamists to create fear psychosis within larger Muslim minorities that total over 200 million painting a dystopian picture about current state of affairs and drive oft-repeated myth that the state was against Muslims. Groundwork for the propaganda began in September 2021 when Campus Front of India (CFI), the notorious student wing of the radical Islamist outfit of Popular Front of India (PFI), began recruiting students from institutions across the country including Udupi. Aliya Assadi, Ayesha Hajeera Almas, Ayesha, and Muskaan Zainab, the four initially stated victims of Hijab controversy created Twitter accounts a month after CFI started its membership push. They subsequently began participating in hashtag campaigns to promote CFI extremist islamist agenda. Almas AH who spearheaded the Hijab controversy was interviewed by BBC, where she claimed that they were not CFI members and only contacted the organization when stopped from attending classes. But, Twitter handles of these girls present diametrically opposite side of the story. On November 1, 2021, they copy-pasted tweets of CFI against the new education policy. A cursory look at the content posting by these girls denotes that it has been done by design simultaneously. On November 8, 2021, these girls participated in CFI hashtag to disrepute Supreme Court decision relating to Ayodhya Ram Janmabhoomi (Birthplace of Lord Ram) issue.  On the same day, these girls promoted #BabriMasjidVictimsofJustice hashtag posted by CFI president to oppose the Supreme Court verdict. Likewise, on November 19, 2021, these four Muslim girls participated in CFI #SaveKarnatakaFromFascists campaign against the state government. On December 12, 2021, the purported victims of hijab issue posted copied tweets and same hashtags of CFI in support of arrested criminal Rauf Shareef. Hence, protest for Hijab was motivated by radical Islamist organizations and these girls were only paraded to depict that Muslims were victimized in India. Hijab is not a compulsion as per Islamic faith and certainly not above education for kids from the minority communities in particular. Yasmin Nigar Khan, granddaughter of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan & president of All India Pakhtoon Jirga-e-Hind said a uniform code should be followed in schools. If girls wear a burqa or hijab in school premises, then there will be an issue of identification. There should be no politics in this. In schools, all students are equal and religion should be followed to an extent only. Karnataka high court in its interim order pending hearings restrained all students regardless of their religion or faith from wearing scarves, Hijab, saffron shawls in the classroom. There are provisions and restrictions for face covering or wearing a Hijab due to several reasons in different countries. For instance, in 2004, France imposed a fine equivalent to Rs 13,000 on those that wore hijab. Similarly, Syria where the Islamic State or ISIS has had considerable hold, hijab was banned in colleges way back in 2010. In 2012, President Putin’s administration in Russia banned hijab in schools and colleges. Three years later, Belgium banned niqab and Burqa in 2015. On the other hand, Bulgaria made covering of

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