Don’t Mess Up with Bharat!

Restructuring US industry to make its products competitive must be President Trump’s primacy and not wage tariff wars with strategic allies. K.A.Badarinath One of the most searched on internet these days is tariffs. After US President Donald J Trump talked round the corner, stakeholders across geographies have begun to make sense of these tariff lines. There’s, however, no reason why Bharat should give in to demands of quixotic President Trump who’s been holding forth with media twenty four by seven. President Trump also seems to be in tearing hurry to make early impact as head of Republican White House. Hence, he set the April 2 deadline to impose massive tariffs on Bharat’s export of products and services. Tariffs is a long story beginning with Donald Trump’s first term four years back when he went ahead and imposed tariffs on steel products, pharmaceuticals etc. There’s definitely an imbalance in trade. Its advantage Bharat as US $ has a deficit of US $ 45.6 billion on bilateral trade worth US $ 191 billion. And, India has reportedly made some proposals to rework the economic, trade and investment relations between the largest and oldest democracies globally. One way could be to enhance defence purchases worth US $ 20 billion by Bharat. Another possibility is to increase energy products including LNG and other hydrocarbon products. But, US may not be able to seize the window of opportunity opened by Bharat during bilateral engagement. Firstly, US defence establishment and deep state may not facilitate sale of F 35 fighter aircraft to Bharat. A big section of US set up is wary of even floating a joint venture to jointly produce F-35 aircraft with a non-NATO strategic ally like Bharat. This joint venture possibly based out of Bhagyanagar aka Hyderabad need not limit itself to catering to Indian defence forces. It can become hub for exports to other destinations. Stringent protocols and agreement on who gets access to such advanced fighter jets could have been put in the blue print. Story of energy purchases is more or less similar. Would US be able to match or provide equivalent prices offered by Russia on crude, refined or liquefied natural gas products? Either spot or long term contracts, US energy products may not be cost competitive vis-à-vis the middle-east or Russian sources. For an expanding economic force like Bharat, every dollar paid per barrel translates to US $ one billion higher import bill. Insurance and freight differentials are again too huge for Bharat to enter into long term contracts with US. Reciprocal tariffs from April 2 have been proposed by President Trump who thinks that the Bharat is fleecing American people. As per World Trade Organization data, this may not be altogether true. As against an aggregate US tariff of 2,2 per cent, Bharat levies 12 per cent that’s in sync with WTO norms under differential tariff regime. President Trump may have a point relating to individual products like automobiles on which tariffs were brought down by Bharat to 70 per cent from 125 per cent on high end luxury cars. On motor cycles, the applicable tariff line is set at 40 per cent as against 50 per cent earlier. Threat to impose 25 per cent tariff on all Indian goods may not work for US except for addressing political constituency of Donald Trump or for optics. Indian goods constitute just 2.7 per cent of all US imports and do not even figure in top ten exporting countries to America. There’s no reason for mature friends like US and Bharat to haggle over manageable trade imbalance. Instead, working on the big picture like more than doubling the bilateral trade to US $ 500 billion by 2030 and clinching a ‘credible and sustainable’ trade deal in next one year is what’s more significant. Simultaneously, US may have to rework its manufacturing and supply chains to be cost and quality competitive instead of rampaging in over pitched verbal duel with friends and foes alike. Re-inventing American manufacturing base to align with new age cut throat competition is something that Trump may have to work on beginning with massive restructuring of its industry. US and Trump may not realize this ‘Make America Great Again’ dream unless some hard work is put into it. America may have to expand its bouquet of products and services that can compete in the global market with new forces on the block. Trump’s complaint is that subsidies, non-tariff barriers and VAT system in Bharat hinder American exports. Well, his policy hawks may have conveniently forgotten that Value Added Tax (VAT) regime has come to an end several years back and it’s been subsumed into Goods and Services Tax (GST). On subsidies, US have a very weak case. Can Donald Trump’s advisors prove that America does not subsidise its industry? In Bharat, food, fertilizers and oil products constituted a large part of subsidy bill till a couple of years ago. Retail petroleum products prices have virtually been aligned with market demand and supply chain. There’s no depth in the argument that Bharat subsidises its petroleum products. It’s an emphatic no. Till a couple of years ago, kerosene was the only big subsidized oil product. After having taken piped gas and through cylinders to virtually every household, there’s hardly a big demand for kerosene. Food subsidy or free food grains to the vulnerable sectors is definitely a reality in Bharat. And, its well within its right to fight poverty and hunger through the Prime Minister’s anna yojana. In fertilizers, Bharat is more or less sufficient on urea while DAP and complex fertilizers subsidy is on the slide each year. Minimal subsidy available on a couple fertilizers is support given to farmers for ensuring enough food grains output for 1.4 billion and ward off imports. On non-tariff barriers, US are yet to come up with a list of such restrictions put in place by Bharat. If restricted access to Bharat’s agricultural markets is an issue, US will have

United States World

783

Is it Biden’s Electoral Stunt?

An apology to Native Americans for boarding school atrocities and mayhem by Church and government may not garner votes Pummy M Pandita Examining most sinister facets of American history has begun with outgoing President Joe Biden administration dramatically admitting to injustices and grave crimes committed against Native Americans especially the boarding school atrocities. The public apology to Native American communities for violence and cultural erasure that occurred during the boarding school era comes in the midst of tough election for democrats while Biden claims that ‘it was a crucial step’ in healing centuries-old scars. But key question still stands: is an apology sufficient? Native American history is characterised by unrelenting quest for cultural erasure and survival, as well as trauma, sorrow, and resiliency. A particularly sad period in this history is the era of Native American boarding schools when children were taken from their homes and sent to institutions managed by evangelists in an effort to “civilise” them. Languages, holy customs and ties that bind families and communities were all shattered in the catastrophic massacre committed by these institutions. In a bid to shape them into what was perceived by Church as ideal of Western culture, many children endured severe punishments, emotional and physical abuse and frequently had their identities taken away. These policies caused irreversible harm, leaving Indigenous communities’ collective psyche with wounds that endure for generations. One of the bloodiest periods in contemporary history was the European colonization of native Americans, violence, exploitation and dehumanization that followed has influenced indigenous cultures and societies to this day. Deliberate uprooting, exploitation and near-eradication of Native American communities from days of first European settlers in 15th century is a grave tale of imperial aspiration posing as civilising missions. Native Americans’ lives are still profoundly affected by extensive wounds that have been inflicted on their land, traditions and histories. Children from indigenous communities in US and Europe baptized by force were tortured in the process of making them ‘civil’ and thousands lost their lives as many were buried live in the ‘Indian schools’. Doctrine of Discovery gave European kings authority to assert claims to territories that their explorers had “discovered” with logic that Native Americans who were considered “uncivilised” and “heathen,” had no right to their ancestral areas. In order to support the European agenda, Native people were de-humanized and land was turned into a resource to be conquered rather than a place to be revered. Colonizers brought enslavement, environmental degradation and bloodshed with them when they brought “civilization” and Christianity coupled with ‘forced evangelism’ of grave variety. Additionally, Native populations were forced into exploitative labour and economic dependency by European colonists. Native Americans were turned instruments of colonial wealth and forced labour in mines and plantations. An exploitative dynamic that persisted far into the periods of industrialization and capitalism was further cemented when their lands were turned into resources for Europeans to plunder. Native American communities continued to be among most economically disadvantaged and marginalized groups in United States, demonstrating long-term economic effects of these policies. Deb Haaland, first Native American Cabinet secretary, during her interaction with reporters earlier this week said, “For more than a century, tens of thousands of Indigenous children, as young as four years old, were taken from their families and communities and forced into boarding schools run by the US government and religious institutions. This includes my own family. For decades, this terrible chapter was hidden from our history books. But now, our administration’s work will ensure that no one will ever forget.” Native American Community members may not be fully convinced that a word of apology will correct the inhuman acts. Lakota People’s Law Project Director Chase Iron Eyes was quoted as saying, “An apology is an acknowledgment of wrongdoing, but it is not any form of redress. An apology is just the beginning of a necessary truth-telling. An apology is a nice start, but it is not a true reckoning, nor is it a sufficient remedy for long history of colonial violence.” Cherokee Nation Principal Chief Chuck Hoskin Jr said, “We know from experience that true healing goes beyond words — it requires action, resources, and commitment. Cherokee Nation publicly acknowledged our own role in the painful history of Cherokee Freedmen and have worked to address positive change, and so too can this country.” President Biden’s apology is touted as indication that Democratic White House acknowledges these historical wrongs. For some, the apology may not seem genuine given that it comes ahead of the Presidential elections on first Wednesday next month. Essential question however is whether an apology is enough to mend wounds that are so profound that they span generations? The state-approved ‘Indian’ schools were subjected to severe, long-lasting harm because they were specifically designed to deprive Indigenous children of their culture and identity. No matter how well-written or sincere the words sound, they cannot reverse or erase the suffering that Indigenous communities endured. For Native Americans, healing will take more than just words; it will require action that recognises the pain in concrete ways. Imagine a scar from a serious injury that cannot be erased by apology. What is left is an obligation to address causes of the scar in the first place as well as to acknowledge the anguish. Even though the government’s apology is long overdue, if it is made alone, it could be seen as meaningless. Destabilization of native society was a result of systemic violence that went beyond boarding schools and included resources exploitation, forced relocations and treaty violations. Only by changing policies and providing continuous assistance that enable native communities to recover their sovereignty, manage their lands and revive their cultures will there be true reparation. It’s critical to recognize that reconciliation is a multifaceted, continuous process rather than a single apology-marked event in the midst of a presidential election seeking to garner votes. Democrats must pledge to prevent mistakes of the past from happening again if it hopes to make significant progress. In addition, failing to

United States World

685

NYT Does it Again!

Painting Umar Khalid as suppressed activist is far from truth. Prejudice, agenda-based biased reporting, an attempt to destabilize India Rohan Giri The big question: Why do we tell stories? This is title of a series published by The New York Times dated December 8, 2022, identified as turning point in 2022. Why or when the title was chosen doesn’t matter. The title propels us to understand whether we are playing with facts to sell the story or a particular view point? Are we not becoming a party to make the story attractive? Narrating the story in full, objectively based on facts without taking sides is sacrosanct for any media house or journalist worth his salt. In “Four Years in Jail Without Trial: The Price of Dissent in Modi’s India” The New York Times has created a masterpiece using well-known clichés that frequently get employed by propaganda writers to influence public opinion. The piece makes extensive efforts to arouse empathy for people like Umar Khalid, portraying him as representation of suppressed resistance. Image of the accused as a disillusioned young voice ‘testing’ the system, victimhood, the minority position of Muslims, the protracted wait for justice and the emotional toll on family members are all well-worn themes that are touched upon in this story. Together, these elements create a story that is meant to evoke empathy while delicately rephrasing dissent to fit the ideological preferences of the writers, editors and the editorial board. Former student and fundamentalist Umar Khalid was charged with being mastermind in 2020 Delhi riots that resulted in extensive loss of life and damage to property in the communal violence in India’s capital city. The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), which was passed in order to combat terrorism and stop actions that threatened India’s integrity, sovereignty and internal security led to his detention. UAPA provisions which permit arrest of those involved in acts that provoke communal strife and endanger national security correspond with Khalid’s imprisonment. Although UAPA is constitutionally approved for protecting national interests, particularly in cases like the Delhi riots, which intensified communal tensions and societal polarization, critics of his arrest frequently claim that it restricts freedom. Moot question however is what kind of freedom? Presenting facts-based story impartially is basic responsibility of media and in particular respected forums like ‘The New York Times’ while covering intricate sociopolitical issues. With its global reach, the NYT has considerable narrative-building ability. However, NYT has frequently come under criticism over the years for selective framing of stories and cherry-picking topics to support specific narratives often misleading readers. The coverage of Umar Khalid, who has been detained on charges that according to Indian law are serious crimes against peace and national integrity, is one notable instance. A recurring pattern of selective reporting is evident while analyzing NYT’s coverage, particularly on Indian issues. As NYT frequently exaggerates specific incidents while ignoring larger circumstances or opposing viewpoints, its readers’ opinions are frequently distorted. Their coverage of Khalid’s case has primarily presented him as a victim of an authoritarian crackdown with no reference to the judicial system or the strong evidence supporting his imprisonment. This selective reporting misleads readers by giving an altered, frequently exaggerated account of Indian events without taking into account the intricate details of the system. Khalid’s case is not exceptional; the farmers’ year-long demonstrations’ against agricultural reforms is another example of how NYT’s reportage remained biased and motivated. Rather than presenting the rationale, NYT focused on demonstrations and portrayed it as a “fight against government,” whereas, assessments show that the reforms were aimed to increase farmers’ economic sovereignty by expanding the sector. Nevertheless, NYT stuck at the resistance mode and constantly fabricated the gauzy stories. Another notable example is a September 2014 cartoon titled “Elite Space Club,” which mocked and served as stark example of its repeated prejudice in depicting India’s achievements. Rather than recognizing India’s unprecedented success as first Asian nation to set foot on Mars — a feat completed at an astonishing cost efficiency — the cartoon cast a negative shade, turning a scientific milestone into a matter of financial derision. Such portrayals, not only denigrate India’s progress in space exploration, but also highlight the New York Times’ desire to promote prejudices rather than report achievements of non-Western nations. In an era where global successes transcend national borders, can a media house legitimately claim journalistic integrity if it promotes cultural bias and racism to overwhelm true advancement? Plenty of instances indicate NYT’s ingrained bias and inappropriate reporting on Indian issues, whether it is the discussion over the Citizenship Amendment Act or abrogation of Article 370 of the Indian constitution. NYT repeatedly skewed portrayal, framing these issues from preset prism that casts the Indian government and other socio-cultural organizations as “Hindu hardliners” or “fascists” hell bent on oppressing a specific segment of society. This deliberation reflects an attempt to create a contentious narrative rather than providing a balanced perspective on India’s legislative and constitutional achievements. These are not isolated instances; rather, part of a troubling trend that attempts to undermine India’s social dynamics, weaken its democratic foundation and misrepresent its policies globally. A disturbing objective is revealed by NYT’s unwillingness to understand India’s landscape, which includes the CAA, farmers’ demonstrations, and the Kashmir issues. Such reporting is the result of selective blindness, which threatens the fundamental values of responsible journalism, rather than journalistic integrity. The publication’s ideological objective is more evident in its dependence on fringe voices and skewed portrayals than in any sincere interest in the facts. It’s time to hold entities responsible for influencing perceptions of nations like India. The way NYT has portrayed Umar Khalid serves as a warning, a reminder that, as important as press freedom is, the universal duty to preserve integrity and truth. To retain credibility, NYT must abandon its selective approach, embrace balanced reporting and acknowledge its own biases. Anything less falls short of objectivity and tantamount to wrapping propaganda wrapped in the guise of journalism. For India and its global readers,

Canada World

617

Ottawa Falls

Justin Trudeau’s biggest blunder was to rely on ISI, CCP to tie up with anti-India Khalistani extremists; Five Eyes, US deep state purported inputs to make baseless accusations against India. “At that point it was primarily intelligence, not hard evidentiary proof,” Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stated during foreign interference inquiry, alluding to the claims he made against India, linking ‘Indian agents’ to Khalistani Canadian terrorist Hardeep Nijjar’s death in a gang war outside the gurdwara in Surrey, Canada.

Business Leadership

698

Growing Clout, Footprint

Bharat’s businesses have come off age, taken over several global brands, top line corporates lock, stock, barrel or partnered in US, UK & Europe K.A.Badarinath Two large deals sealed in just one week speak volumes about Indian corporates verve, gut and appetite for going global. Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) and Walt Disney tango in Bharat’s media, television and entertainment industry is not limited to creation of US $ 8.5 billion behemoth. It opens up a zillion opportunities for Indian companies, vendors and challenges competition to surpass this milestone. This joint venture also marks Bharat’s film-makers, entertainment and media firms going global hand in hand with best in the industry. Asia’s richest businessman Mukesh Ambani and his wife Nita Ambani being hands on RIL – Walt Disney gives a spicy twist to the deal. Going forward, the joint venture model can work well and logically in global territories and it throws up an opportunity for Reliance – Disney – Century Fox to become a formidable player in media and entertainment sectors internationally. Another home grown billionaire from The Punjab, Sunil Bharti Mittal sent tongues wagging when Bharti Airtel group heralded by him emerged biggest stakeholder in the British iconic telecom services provider, British Telecom. Buying out the Israeli magnate Patrick Drahi led Altice group’s entire stake and cornering 24.5 per cent in British Telecom for US $ 4 billion is the icing on cake for Sunil Bharti Mittal whose Bharti group provides telecom services in 17 countries. In the process, Mittal has emerged largest stakeholder in British Telecom, hitherto the public telecom services provider. What would have been more satisfying for Sunil Bharti Mittal is that life has come full circle. Before 2010, British Telecom held over 21.5 per cent stake in Mittal’s then fledgling Bharti Airtel. This deal not only provides high-stakes branding push but allows Bharti Airtel access to United Kingdom’s 5G technologies, artificial intelligence networks and cutting edge technologies. Deutsche Telecom and T-Mobile Holdings with 12 per cent each are the two other large owners of British Telecom. Strategic insights in telecom, media and corporate markets in United Kingdom and Europe are something Sunil Bharti Mittal should look forward to being at head table of British Telecom. Bharti is not the first Indian company to go shopping in United Kingdom, US or Europe for iconic companies and brands that were seen as value enhancing prepositions. Most talked British brand and company acquired was Jaguar Land Rover by Tata group that was once mocked at for having produced the smallest and modest ‘Nano’ car. Uptight United Kingdom honchos could hardly come to terms with being led by a coloured team of Tata professionals to turn around the JLR that was once seen as a drain on the company and Britain was struggling to save the automobile brand. When Ratan Tata, easily the most celebrated businessman walked into the boardroom of Ford on March 26, 2008 to acquire JLR business at US $ 2.3 billion, disbelief and disconnect confounded top leadership team of British company. In 15-years, the group has turned around JLR into a kicking Bharat – British brand that’s hard to compete with. Tata group was labelled audacious when it took Corus Steel in $ 12 billion bid around the same time to emerge UK – Europe’s one of the largest players in steel market. While this was happening, Reliance bought out one of the oldest and most recognized British toy company Hamleys with 259-years corporate history and British battery technology company, Faradion made global industry sit up to the onset of Indian buyers. Reliance acquisitions were relatively more modest, around the same time, Kumarmangalam Birla, yet another Indian billionaire had set eyes on Atlanta-based Aluminium major Novelis and acquired it in 2007 for a whopping US $ six billion. This catapulted the Aditya Birla group into fortune 500 companies list. After initial rush of half a dozen big ticket takeovers about 15-years back, scores of global brands and businesses came the Indian way or partnered to stay afloat. The list seems quite a long one and this phenomenon is across sectors. Several of them were risky investments and the familial story of turnaround for many Western companies was scripted by Indian businesses that stayed nimble footed for quite some time. For instance, none would have imagined that fourth Indian billionaire Anand Mahindra owned diversified group, Mahindra and Mahindra pumped life into BSA Motorcycles that stopped production about five decades ago. Birmingham Small Arms Company founded way back in 1861 known for producing motorcycles after Mahindra and Mahindra took over this defunct brand in 2022. As per Grant Thornton research, Indians own about 964 companies in UK alone as of last year if one were to go by a Reuters despatch earlier this month. It may not be an overstatement, to say that Bharat’s businesses have arrived. (Author is Director & Chief Executive of Centre for Integrated and Holistic Research based in New Delhi)

Education Hindus Leadership Policy

756

Bharat, force for Strength & Stability

In 78-years post-British imperialistic occupation, Bharat is on way to become ‘Vishwa Guru’ and pursuer of ‘Vishwa Maitri’ in right earnest. K.A.Badarinath Bharat is celebrating her seventy eighth independence day after having fought imperialist British occupation and monarchy. Before the ignominious exit of 1947, Britain has had for decades looted Bharat’s wealth, resources and hit at her backbone by Anglicizing the country’s millennial education system. The indomitable spirit, valour and strong civilizational connect based on ‘Sanatan Dharma’ could not be dented even after decades of inhuman rule that pushed Bharat into poverty owing to continued laundering and misrule of British imperialists. Post-1947, Bharat moved on its own with twists and turns in its socio-economic paradigm. What kept the Hindustan together last 78 years was the determination of this 1.4 billion people to regain its place as ‘guiding light’ in the comity of nations. Most Indians – be it Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, Muslims or Christians – get nostalgic and wee-bit emotional while celebrating the Independence Day. It was a struggle that none globally would easily forget as British rule was marked by White supremacist mindset laced with monarchial expansionism and human subordination and slavery of inhuman variety. Then on, Bharat re-discovered herself on all fronts. It’s her day today and centuries to follow as it moves methodically to become a developed country by 2047 that also marks 100 years of independence from British tyranny. Bharat’s rise as an economic powerhouse and her march to become third largest economy in two – three years with $ 5 trillion spread is something that did not come easily given the hard work of her farmers, services professionals, industry and exporters. It’s only a matter of time when Bharat would challenge US and China from their coveted positions. None can be scared or distraught with Bharat’s rise given her standing that strives continuously for peace, tranquility and harmonious living sans conflict, violence and expansionism of any hue or shade. Going by Bharat’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi speech on Independence Day from ramparts of the historic Red Fort, New Delhi will play a stabilizing role in the world marred by conflicts between Russia – Ukraine, Israel – Hamas and the coup of sorts in Bangladesh. Strength and determination is what Prime Minister Modi emphasized upon to tackle global challenges. Bharat being at the ‘High Table’ in international affairs would only bring sanity to deliberations and negotiations at strategic level or economic management. Even in tackling new challenges, Bharat has shown the way. After having been party to Paris agreement on cutting carbon footprint and shifting to environment friendly economic structures, Bharat is the only country that has met all climate targets among G-20. Notwithstanding her energy consumption demands, shift to green options rapidly towards ‘net zero’ voluntarily and leading by example is something Prime Minister Modi referred to in his speech on Thursday. His call for end to end chip designing for the world is an extension of Bharat’s huge strides made in industrial manufacturing including defence products, services across sectors and deft management of her economy. This will push up Bharat in global pecking order for modernizing her economy to meet international demand. Bharat’s list of ‘to do’ things seem endless if one were to look at reversing brain drain especially in key sectors like medical education. Adding 75,000 new medical colleges’ seats to 100,000 plus existing capacity is something that will help Indian youth and talent pursue their education here and cater to the world as professionals. Prime Minister Modi had clearly hinted that ‘overseas students should come to India for top class education’ and reverse prevailing outflow to foreign shores. Becoming global educational hub in five years may be a tough target to meet. But, its doable. These are transitioning times for Bharat to become ‘vishwa guru’ and pursuer of ‘vishwa maitri’. (Author is Director & Chief Executive of Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies based in New Delhi)

Geopolitics Hindus Human Rights Policy Security

670

Boys Play Big in Muddied Waters!

US, China with diverse agendas coupled with religious extremist forces in Islam and evangelists may shrink open space to operate for Bharat that has big stakes in Bangladesh K.A.Badarinath The big boys are at play. Bangladesh government under Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus is bound to be pulled apart by both United States of America seeking to establish a military base in South Asia and Chinese Communist Party led by President Xi Jingping that’s seeking unquestioned dominance in Asia. Jamaat-e-Islami and Bangladesh National Party (BNP) led by Khalid Zia would play willing tools in the big boys power play with Pakistan reduced to a lackey of minor variety. There’s denying that Muslim Brotherhood that’s globally dreaded would complicate the equation with its Islamist – Jihadist agenda on Bharat’s Eastern frontiers. ‘Razakars’ would become handy frontline private army in the hands of jihadist Muslim leadership internationally. There have been reports that already these Razakars have taken over civic policing as an occupational army of zealots. Well, tasks for Bharat are cut out after Sheikh Hasina’s government fell last week, Awami League purged, safe exit to her provided in a swift deal and Army took reins in a coup. Though interim government headed by Yunus and a battery of over dozen advisors have taken charge, nothing seems to have changed on the ground while Army calls the shots. Bangladesh’s under-belly has several layers that must be understood before Bharat gets to the drawing board to establish a working relationship with the new Army controlled, Yunus fronted regime given that Chinese, US and Pakistan deep state haggling for their pound of flesh. The ‘transitional’ Yunus regime got legitimacy as Democratic White House was first to recognise the government. Secretary of State’s spokesperson was drafted to convey that US was ‘ready and looked forward’ to working with Dhaka under Yunus. St Martin Island also known as ‘Narikel Jinjira’ (Coconut Island) or ‘Daruchini Dweep’ (Cinnamon Island) off-the-Chittagong coast may be eyed by US to set up a military base to lord over both Bharat and her expansionist neighbour China. Direct US presence in the region may not be encouraged or welcomed by Bharat given the strategic implications. Also, Bharat would get cut off virtually from entire South East Asia in terms of trade, investment and services. Church driven ‘Project K’ to carve out an artificial autonomous region christened as ‘Kukiland’ will come to the forefront. Church’s fancy idea of a separate Christian state encompasses parts of Bangladesh, Burma and Bharat’s Manipur and Mizoram. This Christian agenda is expected to get complete backing of White House under President Joe Biden or his possible successor Kamala Harris. Even if Donald Trump upstages the democrats and gets elected in November 2024 elections, this agenda may get going. Even if general elections in Bangladesh were to be held anytime now, a pliable government in Dhaka is what Washington DC may expect to see in the saddle given that Awami League is virtually out of power play. On the other hand, China would try and get Teesta River Project and other infrastructure ventures that provide Beijing proximity to India’s ‘chicken neck’ area. Weeks before Hasina government fell, US $ two billion worth interest free, concessional, commercial loans apart from grants were reportedly promised by China after a meeting that Bangladesh Prime Minister had with President Xi. On face of it, funding infrastructure projects either directly or through Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) may not just be limited to investment push. Instead, it will result in strategic issues for Bharat giving China advantage at her doorstep. Third dimension to Bangladesh story is the Jamaat-e-Islami backed by Pakistan and part of larger Muslim Brotherhood going berserk would pose serious challenges to Bharat. Jamaat pursuing genocide of Hindus in Bangladesh has been widely reported. CIHS has meticulously documented these grave crimes. Jamaat is popular as ‘congregation of Muslims’. Known as the largest Muslim formation founded in 1975, Jamaat was banned from political participation by Bangladesh Supreme Court in 2013 citing its opposition to religious freedom or practice of faith. Within its ambit were other organizations like Al – Badr, Al – Shams and self-styled peace committee that formed the jihadist network. All these are pronouncedly anti-Hindu, Buddhists and Christians in Bangladesh. Evangelists and Islamist forces are expected to be on collusion course given their extremely divergent agendas for Bangladesh. Bid to carve out an autonomous Christian area by extreme evangelists with backing from US may be at odds with ‘theocratic’ ‘Islamist’ state that Jamaat may like to evolve Bangladesh into. Conflict between evangelists and Muslims may turn rough reported from several cities in European countries. Contrarian geo-political forces in China, US and religious extremism donned by evangelists and Jamaat leaves very little space for open, flexible and forward thinking democratic agenda in Bangladesh. This is a heady mix in which India will have to tread carefully to safeguard her geo-political and strategic interests apart from that of Hindus and Indian origin people living in Bangladesh. Rightly, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasised that Yunus government in Bangladesh must take steps to protect Hindus lives, properties, businesses especially women that have been targeted by Jihadists. For Bharat, dealing with influx of Bangladeshis fleeing the violence torn country may be a big priority apart from safeguarding her people in Bangladesh. Secondly, New Delhi may have to swerve through muddy waters that have become playground for both US and China apart from minions like Pakistan. Thirdly, recalibrating equations with Dhaka given an array of forces from far-left extremists, religious jihadists to military establishment may pose a big challenge. Fourthly, pursuing her agenda of peace, tranquillity and prosperity in South Asia may not be easy for Bharat. Fifthly, smoothening relations with Bangladesh may turn tricky while former Prime Minister and senior Awami League leader Sheikh Hasina continue to be respected state guest in Delhi. Sixthly, working with likeminded stakeholders to ring in democracy with all forces in tact may be a tall order. Seventhly, relatively tension free

Bangladesh Feature Post Hindus Human Rights Security

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Hindu Genocide Unfolding in Bangladesh

The situation in Bangladesh has reached a critical and alarming juncture, with a systematic and coordinated campaign targeting the Hindu community through acts of violence, destruction, and terror. This genocide, characterized by the deliberate annihilation of Hindu religious and cultural sites, as well as the targeted killings and displacement of individuals, poses an existential threat to the Hindu population in Bangladesh. The interim government must act with urgency and decisiveness: deploying security forces to protect vulnerable communities, ensuring justice through swift prosecution of those responsible, and initiating a comprehensive restoration of destroyed religious and cultural heritage. Moreover, the government must engage with international bodies to secure support and demonstrate a commitment to protecting all citizens, ensuring that such atrocities never occur again. Immediate action is not only a moral imperative but also crucial for the preservation of Bangladesh’s core fabric. Updated – Hindu Genocide Unfolding in Bangladesh

Education Hindus Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)

655

Bharat’s Democratic Credentials Celebrated

Reviving spirit of civic duties and responsibilities is RSS way of contribution through transformative agenda for future Dr Shailendra Kumar Pathak Bharat’s democratic ethos is deeply embedded in its history, a legacy that stretches back thousands of years, marked by principles of inclusive governance, participatory decision-making, and the power of dialogue. Hindu centric Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh has taken upon itself to promote civic consciousness and participation of citizenry in civic affairs as part of its five-fold transformative agenda. Bharat’s democratic traditions predate many celebrated milestones in global governance. One such remarkable example is the Uttiramerur inscription dating back to tenth century. This inscription details an advanced electoral system implemented in the village of Uttiramerur predating Magna Carta (Royal Charter of Rights agreed to by King John of England in 1215) by over 800 years. This system involved detailed rules for election of local council members with eligibility criteria based on moral integrity and knowledge, ensuring that leadership was capable and trustworthy—a testament to Bharat’s early embrace of democratic principles. Ancient Bharatiya texts like Mahabharata and Ashtadhyayi provide insights into concepts of ‘Gana’ and ‘Sangha’, Republic and assembly, functioning through collective decision-making, emphasizing dialogue and consensus. Vedic period further enriched this tradition with institutions like ‘Samiti’ and ‘Sabha’, councils responsible for discussing and deciding on issues of public importance, fostering a sense of participation and ownership among the people. In twelfth century, the Anubhava Mandapa of Basavanna, a popular Scholar and a Hindu sage in Karnataka served on a forum where mystics, saints and scholars discussed issues encompassing society, economy, culture, spirituality, and well-being of the entire kingdom, embodying inclusive governance and collective dialogue. RSS and Civic Awareness RSS, founded in 1925, has consistently emphasized civic duty and national service as central to its objective of a vibrant society, Rich democratic credentials of Bharat became the basis for RSS belief that civic engagement was key to building a strong, disciplined nation with character. Programmes aimed at spreading awareness on national issues, encouraging responsibility for the nation’s wellbeing and evolving a cohesive and culturally rooted Rashtra (nation) became part of the five-fold objective of RSS. Philosophical basis for RSS to extensively undertake civic consciousness drive was Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay’s concept of ‘Lokmat Parishkar’ or Public Opinion Refinement. Deendayal Upadhyay, a prominent thinker, advocated refinement of public opinion through education, dialogue and active citizen participation in governance. This also forms the basis for RSS campaign on promoting civic duties for encouraging active democratic participation. RSS has been at forefront of highlighting Bharat’s cultural, economic, and scientific achievements with the belief that strong sense of national pride was essential for a cohesive society and robust democracy. Its educational initiatives emphasize Bharat’s rich heritage, from contributions of ancient scholars like Aryabhata and Sushruta to achievements of modern scientists and technologists. RSS has been instrumental in recognizing and honouring individuals who contributed significantly to Bharatiya society. By promoting role models and celebrating their achievements, RSS has championed to foster a culture of excellence and national pride. Advanced Approach for Civic Awareness RSS’s civic awareness programmes are not just an extension of duties outlined in Article 51A of the Bharatiya Constitution. RSS outlook towards civic duties and responsibilities are much more advanced, robust, genuine and comprehensive. Article 51A of Indian Constitution emphasizes fundamental duties such as respecting Constitution, promoting harmony and protecting public property. While these are important, they represent a minimal baseline for civic responsibility. RSS’s educational initiatives strengthen this by offering a deeper understanding of Bharat’s cultural, historical and scientific heritage. These programs are designed not just to inform but to inspire active participation in the nation’s development. For instance, RSS doesn’t just promote constitutional literacy but delves into philosophical underpinnings of Bharatiya democracy, drawing from ancient texts and historical precedents. This educational depth fosters a more profound sense of civic duty, encouraging citizens to engage in governance and contribute to society’s progress. Article 51A calls for promotion of harmony and spirit of brotherhood. RSS approach to social cohesion is far more proactive and works to bridge social divide, alleviate conflicts and foster unity among Bharat’s diverse population. Inspired initiatives fostering dialogue and mutual understanding, ensuring that the spirit of brotherhood is not just a legal obligation but a lived reality. Moreover, while Article 51A mentions the promotion of harmony, it does not address mechanisms for achieving it. RSS fills this gap by engaging directly with communities, fostering relationships, and building trust across social divides, thereby creating a more cohesive and resilient society. Article 51A emphasizes participation in governance as a fundamental duty. For this, RSS approach is more dynamic and continuous. It doesn’t just encourage voting but advocates for all along civic participation that includes involvement in local governance, community decision-making and holding government accountable. RSS ensures that democracy is not just a periodic activity but an ongoing process where citizens are actively involved in shaping their communities and the nation. One of the standout initiatives in RSS civic duty mission is its campaign for 100 per cent voter turnout. While Article 51A emphasizes the importance of voting as civic duty, RSS campaign takes this a step further by striving for complete voter participation in every election. The organization believes that democracy can only be truly representative when every eligible citizen exercises their right to vote. RSS launched extensive awareness drives particularly in rural and underserved areas. These campaigns involved door-to-door outreach, community meetings, and use of local media to educate people. By these efforts, RSS ensured that every voice is heard, making the democratic process more inclusive and representative. This commitment to engagement at grassroots highlights RSS belief in the power of democracy and its determination to make Bharat’s democracy as robust as possible. The focus on achieving full voter participation goes beyond the fundamental duties outlined in Article 51A, reflecting RSS more comprehensive and proactive approach to civic responsibility. Framework for National Development Civic duties outlined in Bharat’s Constitution are broad and general, providing a framework for responsible citizenship. RSS approach,

Geopolitics Hindus Human Rights Insurgency Security

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China-Pakistan Agenda in Bangladesh Protests

Violent protests by students against job quotas may have been conveniently used by Beijing & Islamabad to further their interests Rahul Pawa China, Pakistan, geo-political interest groups and international stakeholders may have muddied Bangladesh waters. They may have either directly or indirectly contributed to current wave of violent protests that resulted in 130 fatalities. These players may have conveniently used the anger against quotas for government jobs as a cover to stroke flames of dissent against Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and her Awami League government. The current spate of violent incidents seems to have been triggered by Communist Party of China and Pakistan that have taken an adversarial position and spread discontent against Sheikh Hasina’s government. Protests erupted after Appellate Division of the Supreme Court decided on July 10, 2024 to maintain status quo on quota system intended for freedom fighters and their families for four weeks. This came after a High Court ruled on June 5, 2024 that declared 2018 government circular canceling 30 per cent quota for freedom fighter’s descendants in government jobs illegal. This sparked widespread anger among students and larger population, culminating in violent clashes and a death toll that continued to rise. Students from various universities in Dhaka united to demand quota reforms. After initial postponement owing to Eid and summer holidays, students movement resumed on July 1 with demonstrations. Students and teachers from public universities like University of Dhaka, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology and Jahangirnagar University, among others were soon joined by counterparts from private institutions such as North South University and BRAC University. Under the banner of Anti-discrimination Students Movement, they launched ‘Bangla Blockade’ (Bangladesh Shutdown) thereby disrupting domestic train and road transportation networks. Online activism surged with calls for “another 2018” in reference to previous quota reform movement. Subsequently, protestors call for a ‘Bangla Blockade’ intensified on July 7. As demonstrations spread nationwide, clashes with police on July 11 marked a significant escalation. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s remarks on July 14, referring to Razakars (Bangladeshis who collaborated with Pakistan during 1971war) made during a press conference after her return from China coupled with the ruling Awami League’s hardened stance intensified the situation. This led to violent suppressions by Chhatra League and resulted in hundreds of injuries. The kindling for this unrest had been laid well before the court’s ruling as flames were fanned earlier this month during Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s visit to Beijing from July 8 to 10, 2024. The visit, intended to secure significant financial aid and strengthen bilateral ties ended abruptly, hinting at Hasina’s deep-seated dissatisfaction with the Communist Party of China (CPC). China offered only $100 million in financial assistance, a far cry from the initially promised $5 billion. Adding to the discord, Xi gave Hasina very little time as Beijing proposed a controversial ten-year re-education policy aimed at countering Islamic culture and promoting Chinese lifestyles, similar to measures implemented in Pakistan during 2010. This proposal, perceived as racist and a direct affront to Bangladesh’s cultural sovereignty, significantly strained Dhaka – Beijing relationship. The protests in Dhaka quickly escalated as protesting students and citizens voiced their dissatisfaction with reinstated job reservation quota. This policy initially abolished in 2018 reserved 30 percent government jobs for families of 1971 independence war veterans. The new quota system, viewed as unreasonable and discriminatory, exacerbated existing frustrations amid high unemployment and rampant inflation. Pakistan-backed Islamist groups such as Jamat-e-Islami, which have significantly undermined Bangladesh’s private sector, exacerbating economic challenges the country already faces.This influence, funded by the Middle East via Pakistan, has made government jobs even more sought after. The resulting volatility in the private sector has created a hostile environment, where economic grievances easily morph into political unrest. This destabilising influence was earlier evident during the violent response to the Bangladesh government’s attempt to modernise labor laws in 2018. The proposed changes aimed to attract more foreign investment by aligning local labour practices with international standards. However, Islamist groups, heavily funded by Pakistan vehemently opposed these changes arguing they would undermine Islamic values and worker rights. Jamat-e-Islami with its significant political clout mobilised large-scale protests and strikes which paralysed many sectors of the economy including the vital garment industry. This unrest discouraged foreign investment and highlighted the fragility of private sector in the face of Islamist political and religious extremism. Moreover, China’s involvement in Bangladesh’s student unions further escalates the situation. Reports indicate that CPC has infiltrated Bangladesh universities through education and student exchange programmes. Five Chinese universities in Yunnan province alone teach Bangla language and culture, sending students to Dhaka to create intelligence assets and funding channels for student wings. This strategy aims to mobilise Bangladeshi students against their own government’s policies thereby creating more space for CPC influence. Notably, student unions that staunchly defended Islam in Bangladesh remained conspicuously silent on CPC policies against Uyghur Muslims. The current situation reiterates CPC’s potential to influence and organise student protests in Bangladesh. Earlier, on April 13, 2021, students gathered at the Dhaka Press Club, demanding better arrangements from Hasina Administration for studying in China. The protest pressuring the Bangladeshi government nearly turned violent, demonstrating CPC’s influence and capability to mobilise students in Dhaka, highlighting its broader strategy of using education and cultural programs as tools of influence. Moreover, China-Pakistan nexus in Bangladesh adds another layer of complexity. Pakistani students often affiliated with Jamat-e-Islami collaborate with their Bangladeshi counterparts facilitating communication and coordination for protests. The human intelligence (HUMINT) capacity of Pakistan’s ISI has been instrumental in channeling Chinese funds to stage ongoing protests in Dhaka. Bangladeshi workers in Chinese companies are reported to have been trained to mobilise pro-China rallies as seen in 2019 when workers of Jingjiu Group in Bangladesh who were seen chanting Pro-China slogans in Mandarin. Intriguingly, CPC’s interest in Bangladesh extends beyond financial aid. Beijing aimed to establish strong foothold in South Asia leveraging its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) aspiring to integrate Bangladesh into its economic sphere. Despite the disappointing loan offer, China has

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